The operation stemmed from a Cabinet Resolution dated 29 October 2024, which accelerated efforts to resolve nationality issues for a total of 483,626 persons (data as of 28 July 2024), comprising:
1. 340,101 minority/ethnic persons who migrated into Thailand (Cabinet Resolution 26 January 2021), and
2. 143,525 minority/ethnic persons born in Thailand (Cabinet Resolution 7 December 2016).
However, in September 2025, evidence emerged indicating that certain state officials were soliciting bribes in exchange for the issuance of national ID cards in Chiang Mai Province. DOPA, working jointly with the PACC, ACD, NACC, and DSI, launched an investigation and uncovered substantial evidence showing that a group of state officials, including a district chief, district officers in charge of civil registration, temporary district employees, village heads, and foreign nationals, had conspired to fraudulently “match” undocumented foreign individuals with the names of eligible persons who qualified for permanent residency in Thailand.